Recent Statistics Demonstrate the Substantial Prevalence of Thyroid Conditions in India

News Desk, News Nation 360 : According to recent research, almost one in ten Indian women suffer from thyroid diseases, underscoring the seriousness of the problem as World Thyroid Day draws near on May 25. According to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) V, thyroid diseases affect 2.7% of women aged 15–49, while just 0.5% of men have them. This shows a glaring gender gap. Dr. P S Mondal, Consultant Physician and Diabetologist, Suraksha Diagnostics, emphasises the critical implications of untreated thyroid disease and stated that thyroid conditions frequently coexist with other autoimmune illnesses. It may result in miscarriage, irregular periods, or infertility in women. Additionally, it increases the chance of heart issues like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and, in extreme situations, heart failure. Untreated hypothyroidism in children can cause severe delays in development as well as stunted growth in both the body and the mind. It can cause low birth weight, postpartum haemorrhage, and preterm birth during pregnancy. Early detection of those at risk is crucial because it can result from autoimmune illnesses and family history. Underactive thyroid or hypothyroidism is quite prevalent in India, particularly higher in females at 11.4%, nearly two times the level of 6.2% observed in males, primarily attributed to distinctive hormonal changes during pregnancy and menopause. The thyroid gland, being an important controller of metabolism, energy, reproduction, and mood via hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), can cause thyroid disease when disturbed, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). Early detection is difficult because symptoms tend to vary greatly: hypothyroidism typically begins with tiredness, weight gain, depression, dry skin, and sensitivity to cold, whereas hyperthyroidism may lead to weight loss, anxiety, irritability, sensitivity to heat, and an increased heart rate; some can also have goitre, a swelling of the neck that is visible, with these insidious and non-descript symptoms tending to cause misdiagnosis or delay. While women disproportionately bear the burden of thyroid disorders, experts note a rising trend among men as well. Maintaining thyroid health relies on a balanced lifestyle, including iodine-rich foods like dairy, eggs, and iodised salt, along with stress reduction and regular exercise. Crucially, regular health check-ups are vital for early diagnosis and effective management, particularly for those with a family history of thyroid disorders. Suraksha Diagnostics, with its advanced thyroid screening packages and expert consultation, encourages individuals, especially women, to prioritise these check-ups for timely detection and management. World Thyroid Day serves as a critical reminder that despite its commonality, thyroid disease is highly manageable, emphasising that increased awareness, early detection, and a commitment to a healthy lifestyle are pivotal in safeguarding individuals and their loved ones from the long-term consequences of these silent health disruptors.

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