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Importance, Myths and Facts about Organ Donation

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News Desk, News Nation 360 : The act of donating an individual's important internal organs as per the will of the person and for the sake of the welfare of human life is termed Organ Donation. Organ Donation is one of the noblest deeds known to mankind. This process of exchange involves two major ways - Removing the organ or the tissue from the body of the Donor and Placing the donated part into the Receiver's body through the process of medical operation. The biggest boon that the Scientific and Technological advancements in India have brought is the procedure of Organ Transplantation. Such progressive developments have made the process smooth and secure. Even the laws guarding the act of Organ Donation in our country are clear, and strict and the Government is very supportive in this regard. Dr M Shahnawaz Purkait, Medical Superintendent of Techno

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India Dama Healthcare and Medical Centre has discussed about this. Organ donation can be done from living donors e.g. one kidney, a part of the liver, a portion of the pancreas and a portion of the small intestine. It can be done from a brain-dead person and can save the lives of eight or more persons. Deceased donors can only donate tissues as most of the organs cannot be used after death. Organ donation was first done in 1954 by Ronald Lee Herrick when he donated his kidney to his twin brother. As per statistics, there are only 3 per cent of registered organ donors in India. Only about .01 per cent of Indians donate organs after death. Approx 2 lakh people in India require kidney transplants in a year whereas only about 4 per cent of this number can find a donor organ. On the other hand eye donation is one of the greatest gifts of mankind. It is the act of donating one’s eyes after death to restore sight to someone with corneal blindness. It is a voluntary act, and the eye donation of the deceased can be authorized by the next of kin/ family members of the deceased.  Dr. Soham Basak, Consultant of the Cornea Department at Disha Eye Hospital stated that anyone can donate eyes. Apart from death due to certain diseases, the cause of death is not a contraindication for donating eyes. There is no age limit on eye donation. Children, elderly people and even infants can donate eyes, The Presence of systemic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, cardiac diseases etc. is also not a bar for eye donation, Spectacles use, nor the presence of eye diseases like glaucoma, retinal diseases is not a contraindication for eye donation, Eyes can be donated even if someone has undergone eye surgery. Eye donation is done only after death. A person wishing to donate eyes should inform their wishes of their family so that after death, the family can contact a nearby eye bank to make the eye donation happen. The consent for donation is given by the family/ next of kin. After careful inspection, corneas can be used for various types of corneal transplants (keratoplasty). The white part of the eye is also used for surgery. Donated eyes from one person can help restore sight to two corneal blind individuals. Not all corneas may be suitable for transplant. But every cornea is useful for medical science. The others are used for research purposes and training of corneal surgeons. Only the cornea can be transplanted. There has not been any success with the transplantation of the entire eyeball globally. There are two types of procedures for eye donation. One where the entire eyes are removed and the second where only the clear front part of the eye and surrounding white tissue (cornea-scleral button) is removed. In both cases, the eye bank technicians take great care to minimize any bleeding. After the eyes are retrieved a plastic prosthetic eye is placed for cosmesis. There is almost no disfigurement on the face of the deceased.

Pic : Courtesy

Report : Anustup Kundu

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